Concentrated bone marrow aspirate-coated hydroxyapatite for reconstruction of small-to-moderate-sized mandibular defects caused by the removal of benign pathologies

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone regeneration potential of concentrated bone marrow aspirate (BMA)-coated hydroxyapatite (HA) for reconstruction of mandibular defects caused by the removal of benign pathologies. Patients and Methods: This prospective clinical study included ten patients with histopathologically proven benign pathologies of the mandible measuring <5 cm anteroposteriorly, who were treated with enucleation or marginal resection, followed by autologous concentrated BMA-coated synthetic biphasic HA (HA and beta-tricalcium phosphate) graft placement. Clinical and radiological evaluations of grafted sites of the mandible were done at 1 week, 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively using Irwin's radiologic staging and grayscale histogram. Results: All patients (10/10, 100%) had proper incorporation of the graft with the normal adjacent bone. Grayscale histogram revealed the initial stages of graft resorption, followed by formation of new bone-grafted sites. No complications such as infection and total graft loss were encountered except for one patient who had partial wound dehiscence that responded well to local wound care and resuturing. Conclusion: Concentrated BMA-coated synthetic HA effectively promotes bone regeneration in small-to-moderate-sized defects of the mandible.

Keywords

• bone graft substitute
• bone marrow aspirate
• bone marrow stem cells
• bone regeneration
• calcium phosphate ceramic
• hydroxyapatite
• mandible
• mesenchymal stem cells
• osteoprogenitors
• tissue engineering