COULD BE CONSIDERED SERUM ANTI-S-100 AUTOANTIBODIES A BIOMARKER IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE NON-CARDIOEMBOLIC ISCHEMIC STROKE?

Abstract

In ischemic stroke patients there were found autoantibodies against brain epitopes. The presence of anti-S-100 autoantibodies may reflect alteration and dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of serum anti-S-100 autoantibodies in the early stage of ischemic non-cardioembolic stroke and their correlation with clinical outcome. The study included 78 patients with acute non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke, 46 females and 32 males, ranges from 46 to 81 years, mean age 74.3±6.8 years. Blood samples for anti-S-100 autoantibodies measurement were taken within 24 hours after the onset of ischemic stroke. Seventy-two patients served as matched controls 43 females and 29 males, ranges from 42 to 79 years, mean age 71.3±6.4 years. Serum anti-S-100 autoantibodies were measured by means of ELISA. Significance difference between groups was calculated by the Wilcoxon signed rank method. A value of p<0.05 was considered significant. Anti-S-100 autoantibodies were detected in 25 patients (32%). Patients with acute ischemic stroke had significantly higher levels of anti-S-100 autoantibodies (87.3±9.23 IU/ml) as compared to healthy controls (23.1±1.17 IU/ml) (p<0.01). In 24 patients the cerebral CT scan was negative in the first 24 hours, out of them in 6 patients anti-S-100 autoantibodies were positive. The higher titers correlated significantly with worse clinical outcome (132.0±12.4 IU/ml; p<0.001). The negative predictive value of anti-S-100 autoantibodies was 87%, and positive predictive value of anti-S-100 autoantibodies was 71%. Measurement of anti-S-100 autoantibodies may be used to select patients with early negative cerebral CT scanning as presenting ischemic stroke.

Keywords

• anti-s-100 autoantibodies
• acute non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke
• prevalence