Le bois dans l’architecture domestique à Herculanum. Mise en œuvre de propositions de reconstruction 3D dans la Casa di Nettuno ed Anfitrite

Abstract

The nature of the pyroclastic flow that buried Herculaneum in the fall of 79 has allowed the preservation of wood in this city, under exceptional conditions, compared to what is observed in the other Campanian sites concerned. From the archaeological point of view, this conservation of carbonized wood, used both in the building and in the arrangement (doors, windows, stairs) and the furniture, is one of the most important specificities of the site of Herculaneum. The ANR VESUVIA program (2014-2019) - which envisages a global analysis of the domestic architecture of this site - brings together the conditions for a successful reflection on the place of wood in the construction of the plebeian habitat. A first part of the presentation will focus on the characteristics of the use of wood in Herculanean domestic architecture. A second part will focus on the restitution work of Casa di Nettuno ed Anfititrite (V, 6-7). The realization of a 3D model of this house makes it possible to concretely implement a certain number of reflections and hypotheses on the reconstruction of the destroyed wooden parts of the studied building. The reflection focused, in particular, on the reconstruction of the roof of the atrium of this house.

Keywords

• opus craticium
• timber work
• roman dwellings
• Herculaneum