Combat Against Gynecological Cancers with Blood Vessels as Entry Point: Anti-Angiogenic Drugs, Clinical Trials and Pre-Clinical Nano-Delivery Platforms

Abstract

Shan Yang,1 Weidong Fei,1 Yunchun Zhao,1 Fengmei Wang,1 Yiqing Ye,1 Fenfen Wang2 1Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of China; 2Department of Gynecology Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yiqing Ye; Fenfen Wang, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Angiogenesis is an essential mechanism for the progression of gynecological cancers. Although approved anti-angiogenic drugs have demonstrated clinical efficacy in treating gynecological cancers, the full potential of therapeutic strategies based on tumor blood vessels has not yet been realized. This review summarizes the latest angiogenesis mechanisms involved in the progression of gynecological cancers and discusses the current clinical practice of approved anti-angiogenic drugs and related clinical trials. Given the close relationship between gynecological cancers and blood vessels, we highlight more delicate strategies for regulating tumor vessels, including wise drug combinations and smart nano-delivery platforms to achieve highly efficient drug delivery and overall vessel microenvironment regulation. We also address current challenges and future opportunities in this field. We aim to generate interest in therapeutic strategies that target blood vessels as a key entry point and offer new potential and inspiration for combating gynecological cancers.Keywords: gynecological cancers, tumor blood vessel, tumor vascularization, anti-angiogenic, clinical trials, nano-delivery platforms, nanoparticles

Keywords

• gynecological cancers
• tumor blood vessel
• tumor vascularization
• anti-angiogenic
• clinical trials
• nano-delivery platforms
• nanoparticles