Fon (Mar 2024)

TOPONIMI KAMPUNG DI KABUPATEN ACEH UTARA: SEJARAH DAN STRUKTUR BAHASA

  • Istiqamah Istiqamah,
  • Hayatul Muna

DOI
https://doi.org/10.25134/fon.v20i1.9386
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 20, no. 1
pp. 165 – 180

Abstract

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ABSTRAK: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan toponimi kampung di Kabupaten Aceh Utara yang ditinjau dari sejarah/asal usul dan struktur bahasa. Metode penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Dalam penelitian ini, menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah mereduksi data, menyajikan data, dan menarik simpulan. Uji keabsahan data dilakukan dengan uji kredibilitas, transferabilitas, dependabilitas, dan konfirmabilitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Toponimi kampung di kabupaten Aceh Utara ditemukan beberapa kategori, yaitu 1) berdasarkan unsur air, artinya nama kampung yang maknanya berhubungan dengan air, yakni kampung Laga Baro, 2) unsur geografis, , artinya nama kampung yang maknanya berhubungan dengan rupabumi, yakni: Kampung Bluka Teubai, Meunasah Kulam, Ulee Barat, Cot Seumiyong, Lhok Jok, dan Cot U Sibak, 3) lingkungan alam, yang terdiri dari: a) tumbuhan, yakni; kampung Geulumpang Sulu Timu, Meuria, Uteuen Geulinggang, Bangka Jaya, Kuta Glumpang, Beuringen, Murong, Mancang, b) tempat atau bangunan, yakni: Lancang Barat, Meunasah Blang c) kondisi alam, yakni: Krueng Mate, Bintang Hu, dan d) letak arah mata angin, yakni: Lancang Barat, Geulumpang Sulu Timu, terakhir 4) unsur budaya, artinya nama kampung yang maknanya berhubungan dengan aspek kebudayaan dalam masyarakat, yakni Kampung Guha Uleu. Sebaliknya, pola pembentukan nama kampung banyak ditemukan dalam bentuk polimorfemik, seperti Bintang Hu, Meunasah Mancang, Cot U sibak dan lain sebagainya. Dengan perolehan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa toponimi beberapa kampung di aceh utara memiliki 4 kategori unsur dan memiliki pembentukan kata secara morfologis. KATA KUNCI: Antropolinguistik; Masyarakat; Struktur Bahasa; Toponimi Kampung. VILLAGE TOPONYMY IN NORTH ACEH REGENCY: THE HISTORY AND LANGUAGE STRUCTURES ABSTRACT: This research is aimed to describe village toponymy in North Aceh, viewed from its history and language structures. The research method used in this research was descriptive qualitative. The data were collected through interview and documentation. The data were analyzed through some steps, namely; data reduction, data display and verification. Credibility, transferability, reliability, and confirmability tests were done to verify the validity of the data. The result of this research showed that there were some classifications of toponymy in North Aceh, including; 1) hydrological elements, it meant that the meaning of village names was related to water, such as Kampung Laga Baro. 2) Geographical elements, it referred to the village whose name was corresponded with topographical, such as Kampung Bluka Teubai, Meunasah Kulam, Ulee Barat, Cot Seumiyong, Lhok Jok, and Cot U Sibak. 3) Natural environment elements were divided into four; a) plant, such as kampung Geulumpang Sulu Timu, Meuria, Uteuen Geulinggang, Bangka Jaya, Kuta Glumpang, Beuringen, Murong, Mancang, b) Place and building, such as Lancang Barat, Meunasah Blang,c) Natural conditions, such as Krueng Mate, Bintang Hu, and d) Compass point, such as Lancang Barat, Geulumpang Sulu Timu. 4) Cultural element, it meant that the meaning of village names was referred to cultural aspects in society, such as Kampung Guha Uleu. Hence, the name of village was found dominantly in the forms of polimorfemic words, such as Bintang Hu, Meunasah Mancang, Cot U Sibak etc. Thus, it can be concluded that the toponymy of the village in the northern Aceh has 4 categories and posses the process of word formation morphologically. KEYWORDS: Antropolingustics; society; Language Structures; Village Toponymy.

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