The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2023)
Photometric and Spectroscopic Observations of GRB 190106A: Emission from Reverse and Forward Shocks with Late-time Energy Injection
- Zi-Pei Zhu,
- Dong Xu,
- Johan P. U. Fynbo,
- Shao-Yu Fu,
- Jun-Bo Zhang,
- Xing Liu,
- Shuai-Qing Jiang,
- Shuo Xiao,
- Wei Xie,
- Yuan-Chuan Zou,
- He Gao,
- Dieter Hartmann,
- Antonio de Ugarte Postigo,
- David Alexander Kann,
- Massimo Della Valle,
- Pall Jakobsson,
- Tayyaba Zafar,
- Valerio D’Elia,
- Li-Ping Xin,
- Jian-Yan Wei,
- Xing Gao,
- Jin-Zhong Liu,
- Tian-Hua Lu,
- Wei-Hua Lei
Affiliations
- Zi-Pei Zhu
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
- Dong Xu
- ORCiD
- Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
- Johan P. U. Fynbo
- ORCiD
- The Cosmic Dawn Centre (DAWN), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Lyngbyvej 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Shao-Yu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China; School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Jun-Bo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
- Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays, Ministry of Education, Tibet University , Lhasa, Tibet 850000, People's Republic of China
- Shuai-Qing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Shuo Xiao
- ORCiD
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing, Guizhou Normal University , Guiyang, 550001, People’s Republic of China; School of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Normal University , Guiyang, 550001, People's Republic Of China
- Wei Xie
- ORCiD
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing, Guizhou Normal University , Guiyang, 550001, People’s Republic of China
- Yuan-Chuan Zou
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
- He Gao
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
- Dieter Hartmann
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University , Clemson, SC29634, USA
- Antonio de Ugarte Postigo
- ORCiD
- Université Côte d’Azur , Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Artemis, CNRS, F-06304 Nice, France
- David Alexander Kann
- ORCiD
- Hessian Research Cluster ELEMENTS, Giersch Science Center, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 12, Goethe University Frankfurt , Campus Riedberg, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Massimo Della Valle
- ORCiD
- Capodimonte Astronomical Observatory , INAF-Napoli, Salita Moiariello 16, Italy; Department of Physics, Ariel University , Ariel, Israel; Icranet, Piazza della Repubblica 10 , I-65122 Pescara, Italy
- Pall Jakobsson
- ORCiD
- Centre for Astrophysics and Cosmology, Science Institute, University of Iceland , Dunhagi 5, 107, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Tayyaba Zafar
- ORCiD
- Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University , 105 Delhi Road, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia; Macquarie University Research Centre for Astronomy , Astrophysics & Astrophotonics, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
- Valerio D’Elia
- ASI-Space Science Data Centre , Via del Politecnico snc I-00133, Rome, Italy; INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via di Frascati 33, I-00040, Monteporzio Catone, Rome, Italy
- Li-Ping Xin
- ORCiD
- Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
- Jian-Yan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China; School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Xing Gao
- ORCiD
- Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, People's Republic of China
- Jin-Zhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China; Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, People's Republic of China
- Tian-Hua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China; School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Wei-Hua Lei
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acbd96
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 948,
no. 1
p. 30
Abstract
Early optical observations of gamma-ray bursts can significantly contribute to the study of the central engine and physical processes therein. However, of the thousands observed so far, only a few have data at optical wavelengths in the first minutes after the onset of the prompt emission. Here we report on GRB 190106A, whose afterglow was observed in optical bands just 36 s after the Swift/BAT trigger, i.e., during the prompt emission phase. The early optical afterglow exhibits a bimodal structure followed by a normal decay, with a faster decay after ∼ T _0 + 1 day. We present optical photometric and spectroscopic observations of GRB 190106A. We derive the redshift via metal absorption lines from Xinglong 2.16 m/BFOSC spectroscopic observations. From the BFOSC spectrum, we measure z = 1.861 ± 0.002. The double-peak optical light curve is a significant feature predicted by the reverse-forward external-shock model. The shallow decay followed by a normal decay in both the X-ray and optical light curves is well explained with the standard forward-shock model with late-time energy injection. Therefore, GRB 190106A offers a case study for GRB emission from both reverse and forward shocks.
Keywords
