Anatomical and Physiological Performance of Jojoba Treated with Proline under Salinity Stress Condition

M. S. Aboryia; El-Refaey F. A. El-Dengawy; Mostafa F. El-Banna; Mervat H. El-Gobba; Mahmoud M. Kasem; Ahmed A. Hegazy; Heba Metwally Hassan; Ahmed Abou El-Yazied; Hany G. Abd El-Gawad; Salem Mesfir Al-Qahtani; Nadi Awad Al-Harbi; Eldessoky S. Dessoky; Ismail A. Ismail; Mohamed M. El-Mogy; El-Sayed A. EL-Boraie

doi:10.3390/horticulturae8080716

Horticulturae (Aug 2022)

Anatomical and Physiological Performance of Jojoba Treated with Proline under Salinity Stress Condition

M. S. Aboryia,
El-Refaey F. A. El-Dengawy,
Mostafa F. El-Banna,
Mervat H. El-Gobba,
Mahmoud M. Kasem,
Ahmed A. Hegazy,
Heba Metwally Hassan,
Ahmed Abou El-Yazied,
Hany G. Abd El-Gawad,
Salem Mesfir Al-Qahtani,
Nadi Awad Al-Harbi,
Eldessoky S. Dessoky,
Ismail A. Ismail,
Mohamed M. El-Mogy,
El-Sayed A. EL-Boraie

Affiliations

M. S. Aboryia: Pomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt
El-Refaey F. A. El-Dengawy: Pomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt
Mostafa F. El-Banna: Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
Mervat H. El-Gobba: Pomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt
Mahmoud M. Kasem: Vegetable and Floriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
Ahmed A. Hegazy: Vegetable and Floriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
Heba Metwally Hassan: Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
Ahmed Abou El-Yazied: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
Hany G. Abd El-Gawad: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
Salem Mesfir Al-Qahtani: Biology Department, University College of Tayma, Tabuk University, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
Nadi Awad Al-Harbi: Biology Department, University College of Tayma, Tabuk University, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
Eldessoky S. Dessoky: Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Ismail A. Ismail: Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Mohamed M. El-Mogy: Vegetable Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
El-Sayed A. EL-Boraie: Vegetable and Floriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8080716
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 8, no. 8
p. 716

Abstract

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A field trial study was conducted for two consecutive seasons 2020 and 2021 in approximately 8-month-old jojoba plants to evaluate the physiological responses following salt treatment and the role of proline as a foliar application to enhance jojoba tolerance to salinity stress. Jojoba plants were irrigated once a week for four months with diluted seawater in concentrations of 5000, 10,000, and 15,000 ppm and tap water (control). Anti-stress proline was applied four times throughout the experiment, the first at the beginning of the experiment and another three times at 30-day intervals, at concentrations of 0, 300, and 450 ppm. The effect of proline treatments on jojoba plant behavior includes growth vegetative characteristics, namely plant height increase percentage (PHIP), shoot number increase percentage (NSIP), stem diameter increase percentage (SDIP), number of leaves, leaf thickness, leaf area, and fresh and dry weights of leaves, and chemical characteristics, namely chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, leaf mineral contents (N, P, K, Na, and Cl), total phenolic content (TPC), and proline concentration. Moreover, the impacts of proline on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2•−), malondialdehyde (MDA), and ion leakage (IL) under salinity stress were investigated. Briefly, proline at 450 ppm enhanced all studied growth and physiological characteristics and promoted the antioxidant system of jojoba plants compared with the control and other treatments. The anatomical structure of leaves was also examined, and favorable variations in the anatomical structure were detected in the stressed and proline-treated plants. Exogenous application of proline enhanced most of this anatomical characteristic of jojoba leaf under saline stress. In conclusion, proline as a foliar application at 450 ppm under salinity stress of 10,000 ppm enhances jojoba tolerance to salinity stress by modifying the physicochemical and morphological characteristics of jojoba plants.

Published in Horticulturae

ISSN: 2311-7524 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Agriculture: Plant culture
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/horticulturae

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