An Instrumented Golden Eagle’s (<i>Aquila chrysaetos)</i> Long-Distance Flight Behavior

Abstract

One-second-processed three-dimensional position observations transmitted from an instrumented golden eagle were used to determine the detailed long-range flight behavior of the bird. Once elevated from the surface, the eagle systematically used atmospheric gravity waves, first to gain altitude, and then, in multiple sequential glides, to cover over 100 km with a minimum expenditure of its metabolic energy.

Keywords

• migration
• bird flight
• atmospheric waves
• energy consumption