Zhongguo quanke yixue (May 2024)
Current Situation and Trends in the Disease Burden of Dental Caries in China, 1990-2019
Abstract
Background Dental caries is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases worldwide, affecting more than one-third of the global population. The analysis of the current situation and trends in the disease burden of dental caries may provide a reference for the prevention and control strategies of dental caries. Objective To analyze the current situation and trends in the incidence, prevalence and years lived with disability (YLD) of dental caries in China and provide a reference for the development of the prevention and control of dental caries. Methods Data on the incidence, prevalence and YLD of caries of deciduous teeth and permanent teeth between 1990 and 2019 in China were extracted from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. The percentage change in the counts of incident cases, prevalent cases and YLD of caries of deciduous teeth and permanent teeth from 1990 to 2019 was calculated, and Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the annual percentage change (APC) and average APC (AAPC) in age-standardized rates of incidence, prevalence and YLD between 1990 and 2019 in China. Results Compared with 1990, the counts of incident cases, prevalent cases and YLD of caries of deciduous teeth in China in 2019 decreased by 25.69%, 28.74% and 28.63%, respectively; the counts of incident cases, prevalent cases and YLD of caries of permanent teeth in China in 2019 increased by 17.41%, 15.84% and 15.07%, respectively. In all age groups in 2019, the highest incidence rate (118.96%) of caries of deciduous teeth was observed in children aged 5 to 9 years, as well as the highest prevalence rate (53.08%) and YLD rate (20.40/100, 000) of caries of deciduous teeth in children aged 1 to 4 years. The highest incidence rate (62.30%), prevalence rate (32.19%), and YLD rate (32.41/100 000) of caries of permanent teeth were observed in adults aged 20 to 24 years in 2019. Joinpoint regression analysis showed that the age-standardized rates of incidence (AAPC=0.21%, 95%CI=0.19% to 0.22%), prevalence (AAPC=0.03%, 95%CI=0.01% to 0.05%) and YLD (AAPC=0.03%, 95%CI=0.01% to 0.05%) of caries of deciduous teeth showed an overall upward trend in China between 1990 and 2019, and the age-standardized rates of incidence (AAPC=-0.05%, 95%CI=-0.05% to -0.04%), prevalence (AAPC=-0.23%, 95%CI=-0.32% to -0.14%) and YLD (AAPC=-0.22%, 95%CI=-0.31% to -0.13%) of caries of permanent teeth showed a downward trend in China between 1990 and 2019. Conclusion From 1990 to 2019, the burdens in caries of deciduous teeth in China showed an increasing trend, while the burdens in caries of permanent teeth caries showed a decreasing trend but remained serious in China. Caries prevention should not only be limited to children, but should include people of all age groups.
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