Clinical outcome in patients with end-stage heart failure who underwent continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices in a single center

Abstract

Background/Aims The continuous flow left ventricular assist device (cf-LVAD) has improved the survival of chronic end-stage heart failure (HF) patients. Here we describe our clinical experience of the initial 50 LVAD patients from a single center. Methods A total of 50 patients underwent LVAD implantation as bridge to transplantation (BTT; n = 28, 56%), bridge to candidacy (BTC; n = 2, 4%), or as destination therapy (DT; n = 20, 40%) from 2012 to 2019. Pre-implant characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between BTT/BTC and DT. Results The median age of patients was 67 years (range, 59 to 73). Men were more likely to receive LVAD (76% vs. 24%) than women. DT patients were older, had smaller body surface area, and worse laboratory profiles than BTT/BTC patients. There was no in-hospital mortality. During an average of 14 months (range, 8 to 23), the all-cause mortality was 22%. The first-year survival was 86 and 90% in BTT/BTC and DT groups, respectively. Hemorrhagic stroke was the most common cause (27%) of death. In the BTT/BTC group, 22 patients successfully underwent heart transplantation during median duration of 10 months (range, 7 to 14). The most common post-LVAD complication during the first year of LVAD implantation was major bleeding (44%). A significant proportion (76%) of patients experienced rehospitalization with gastrointestinal bleeding as the most common cause. Conclusions We describe short-term clinical outcome of LVAD patients from a single center for the first time in Korea. With the newer generation LVAD and a dedicated team approach, improved clinical outcomes of LVAD for end-stage HF are expected.

Keywords

• ventricular assist device
• left ventricular assist device
• heart failure