Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy (Mar 2024)

Plasma oligomer beta-amyloid is associated with disease severity and cerebral amyloid deposition in Alzheimer’s disease spectrum

  • Sheng-Min Wang,
  • Dong Woo Kang,
  • Yoo Hyun Um,
  • Sunghwan Kim,
  • Chang Uk Lee,
  • Philip Scheltens,
  • Hyun Kook Lim

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-024-01400-3
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 16, no. 1
pp. 1 – 11

Abstract

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Abstract Background Multimer detection system-oligomeric amyloid-β (MDS-OAβ) is a measure of plasma OAβ, which is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. However, the relationship between MDS-OAβ and disease severity of AD is not clear. We aimed to investigate MDS-OAβ levels in different stages of AD and analyze the association between MDS-OAβ and cerebral Aβ deposition, cognitive function, and cortical thickness in subjects within the AD continuum. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed a total 126 participants who underwent plasma MDS-OAβ, structural magnetic resonance image of brain, and neurocognitive measures using Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease, and cerebral Aβ deposition or amyloid positron emission tomography (A-PET) assessed by [18F] flutemetamol PET. Subjects were divided into 4 groups: N = 39 for normal control (NC), N = 31 for A-PET-negative mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, N = 30 for A-PET-positive MCI patients, and N = 22 for AD dementia patients. The severity of cerebral Aβ deposition was expressed as standard uptake value ratio (SUVR). Results Compared to the NC (0.803 ± 0.27), MDS-OAβ level was higher in the A-PET-negative MCI group (0.946 ± 0.137) and highest in the A-PET-positive MCI group (1.07 ± 0.17). MDS-OAβ level in the AD dementia group was higher than in the NC, but it fell to that of the A-PET-negative MCI group level (0.958 ± 0.103). There were negative associations between MDS-OAβ and cognitive function and both global and regional cerebral Aβ deposition (SUVR). Cortical thickness of the left fusiform gyrus showed a negative association with MDS-OAβ when we excluded the AD dementia group. Conclusions These findings suggest that MDS-OAβ is not only associated with neurocognitive staging, but also with cerebral Aβ burden in patients along the AD continuum.

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