Zhongguo quanke yixue (Mar 2023)
Associated Factors of Frailty in Cancer Patients: a Meta-analysis
Abstract
Background Frailty is common in cancer patients, which seriously affects their prognosis. However, the factors associated with frailty in cancer patients are not clear at present. Objective To identify the factors associated with frailty in cancer patients by a meta-analysis, to provide a scientific basis for the development and implementation of related interventions. Methods The databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), CQVIP, WanFang Data, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Embase were comprehensively and systematically searched from inception to August 2022 for included cross-sectional studies, cohort studies or case-control studies reporting associated factors of frailty in cancer patients. Two researchers screened the literature and performed quality evaluation and data extraction. Stata 17.0 and RevMan 5.4 were used for meta-analysis. Results Eleven studies were included, among which nine were cross-sectional studies and the other two were cohort studies. Altogether, 2 898 cancer patients were studied, among whom 1 025 were frail, and 12 associated factors of frailty were reported. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of frailty in all cancer patients, lung cancer patients, digestive cancer patients, and other cancer patients was 34%〔95%CI (23%, 45%) 〕, 31%〔95%CI (25%, 36%) 〕, 42%〔95%CI (26%, 59%) 〕, and 12%〔95%CI (9%, 16%) 〕, respectively. The risk of frailty in cancer rose with advanced age〔OR=1.16, 95%CI (1.05, 1.27) 〕, combined with other diseases〔OR=1.46, 95%CI (1.28, 1.67) 〕, high BMI〔OR=1.13, 95%CI (1.05, 1.21) 〕, poor nutritional status〔OR=2.77, 95%CI (1.27, 6.06) 〕, high syndrome group scores〔OR=1.07, 95%CI (1.04, 1.09) 〕and depression〔OR=1.27, 95%CI (1.12, 1.44) 〕, but decreased with high education level〔OR=0.78, 95%CI (0.68, 0.90) 〕, albumin level≥35 g/L〔OR=0.33, 95%CI (0.12, 0.90) 〕and high level of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) 〔OR=0.50, 95%CI (0.42, 0.59) 〕. Egger's test assessing the potential publication bias in 11 studies via funnel plot asymmetry showed that there was a certain publication bias (t=-4.12, P=0.003) . Conclusion This meta-analysis revealed that age, education level, comorbidity, BMI, albumin, nutritional status, syndrome group, depression and IADL were the associated factors of frailty in cancer patients. It is necessary for health professionals to pay more attention to cancer patients with advanced age, low education level, combined with other diseases, high BMI, albumin level <35 g/L, poor nutritional status, with syndrome group, depression or low-level activities of daily living, so as to prevent the occurrence of frailty.
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