Agrology (Feb 2019)
Agroecological and legal support of monitoring especially valuable grounds within farmlands
Abstract
Soil is a complicated organ and mineral composition in the upper layer of the lithosphere. In centuries-old synergistic zonal development it acquired a biosphere trait, which is the natural fertility. Intensive use of pedosphere influenced the directions of cultural soilogenesis and contributed to the formation of natural anthropic soil fertility, which is the important factor in agroecosystem functioning. The pedocentric approach in soil fertility evaluation and purposeful human activity on the ecotope as integrated resource of agroecosystem should ensure the efficient farmland use today. Soil monitoring involves monitoring the optimal landuse and farmland transformation based on agroecological analytical work. It is substantiated that for the improvement of agrarian and environmental legislation at the state level, it is necessary to clearly define the definitions of “soil”, “land”, the category “especially valuable grounds” within farmlands. It is indicated that in the land legislation, legal acts and law practice a plot in farmland in addition to physical parameters (area, boundaries, location), legal norms (cadastral number, code and intended purpose) should have a genetically determined sign, which is the type of soil. Conditions of effective filing in farmland management with taking into account systematics (nomenclature, taxonomy, diagnostics) of agronomic soil science are outlined. It is determined that the normative monetary valuation of farmland characterizes the cost of a natural resource, the type of soil and is based on the constant data of the trophy of the cultural edaphotope and biological productivity of field and fruit plants, based on the requirements of agrotechnologies. It is proposed to clarify certain provisions of Article 150 of the Land Code of Ukraine and the unified agroecological definition of the concept “soil’’, which will promote proper application of law in land use. Rationally formed types of agrarian landscapes will promote the maintenance of ecological balance, reduction and prevention of degradation of soils. The norms of environmental law should be supplemented with the category “virgin zonal types of soils”, which will contribute to the conservation and enhancement of biodiversity and the comparative control of the environmental sustainability of the agrosphere.
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