Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution (Jun 2022)
Status, Change, and Futures of Zooplankton in the Southern Ocean
- Nadine M. Johnston,
- Eugene J. Murphy,
- Angus Atkinson,
- Andrew J. Constable,
- Andrew J. Constable,
- Cédric Cotté,
- Martin Cox,
- Kendra L. Daly,
- Ryan Driscoll,
- Hauke Flores,
- Svenja Halfter,
- Natasha Henschke,
- Simeon L. Hill,
- Juan Höfer,
- Juan Höfer,
- Brian P. V. Hunt,
- Brian P. V. Hunt,
- Brian P. V. Hunt,
- So Kawaguchi,
- Dhugal Lindsay,
- Cecilia Liszka,
- Valerie Loeb,
- Clara Manno,
- Bettina Meyer,
- Bettina Meyer,
- Bettina Meyer,
- Evgeny A. Pakhomov,
- Evgeny A. Pakhomov,
- Evgeny A. Pakhomov,
- Matthew H. Pinkerton,
- Christian S. Reiss,
- Kate Richerson,
- Walker O. Smith Jr.,
- Walker O. Smith Jr.,
- Deborah K. Steinberg,
- Kerrie M. Swadling,
- Geraint A. Tarling,
- Sally E. Thorpe,
- Devi Veytia,
- Peter Ward,
- Christine K. Weldrick,
- Guang Yang
Affiliations
- Nadine M. Johnston
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Eugene J. Murphy
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Angus Atkinson
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, United Kingdom
- Andrew J. Constable
- Australian Antarctic Division, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Andrew J. Constable
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Cédric Cotté
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, MHN, Laboratoire d’Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN-IPSL), Paris, France
- Martin Cox
- Australian Antarctic Division, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Kendra L. Daly
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
- Ryan Driscoll
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Hauke Flores
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Svenja Halfter
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Natasha Henschke
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Simeon L. Hill
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Juan Höfer
- 0Escuela de Ciencias del Mar, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Juan Höfer
- 1Centro de Investigación Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Valdivia, Chile
- Brian P. V. Hunt
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Brian P. V. Hunt
- 2Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, BC, Canada
- Brian P. V. Hunt
- 3Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- So Kawaguchi
- Australian Antarctic Division, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Dhugal Lindsay
- 4Institute for Extra-Cutting-Edge Science and Technology Avant-Garde Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka City, Japan
- Cecilia Liszka
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Valerie Loeb
- 5Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, California State University, Moss Landing, CA, United States
- Clara Manno
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Bettina Meyer
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Bettina Meyer
- 6Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Bettina Meyer
- 7Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity (HIFMB) at the University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Evgeny A. Pakhomov
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Evgeny A. Pakhomov
- 2Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, BC, Canada
- Evgeny A. Pakhomov
- 3Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Matthew H. Pinkerton
- 8National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Wellington, New Zealand
- Christian S. Reiss
- 9Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries, South West Fisheries Center, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Kate Richerson
- 0Fishery Resource Analysis and Monitoring Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Newport, OR, United States
- Walker O. Smith Jr.
- 1Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, United States
- Walker O. Smith Jr.
- 2School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Deborah K. Steinberg
- 1Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, United States
- Kerrie M. Swadling
- 3Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Geraint A. Tarling
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Sally E. Thorpe
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Devi Veytia
- 4Institute for Marine Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Peter Ward
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Christine K. Weldrick
- 3Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Guang Yang
- 5Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.624692
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 9
Abstract
In the Southern Ocean, several zooplankton taxonomic groups, euphausiids, copepods, salps and pteropods, are notable because of their biomass and abundance and their roles in maintaining food webs and ecosystem structure and function, including the provision of globally important ecosystem services. These groups are consumers of microbes, primary and secondary producers, and are prey for fishes, cephalopods, seabirds, and marine mammals. In providing the link between microbes, primary production, and higher trophic levels these taxa influence energy flows, biological production and biomass, biogeochemical cycles, carbon flux and food web interactions thereby modulating the structure and functioning of ecosystems. Additionally, Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) and various fish species are harvested by international fisheries. Global and local drivers of change are expected to affect the dynamics of key zooplankton species, which may have potentially profound and wide-ranging implications for Southern Ocean ecosystems and the services they provide. Here we assess the current understanding of the dominant metazoan zooplankton within the Southern Ocean, including Antarctic krill and other key euphausiid, copepod, salp and pteropod species. We provide a systematic overview of observed and potential future responses of these taxa to a changing Southern Ocean and the functional relationships by which drivers may impact them. To support future ecosystem assessments and conservation and management strategies, we also identify priorities for Southern Ocean zooplankton research.
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