Analyse des défis de la filière viande de brousse sur la durabilité faunique au Gabon

Abstract

The bushmeat chain is a source of income-generating activities for its actors, but it is dangerous for the survival of wildlife because of the non-respect of the hunting calendar. The impact of this activity on biodiversity is one of the main factors contributing to the implementation of legal texts for a sustainable management of this wildlife. Our objective is to analyze the interactions between the various actors and the effectiveness of the legal texts in force to determine the status of sustainable wildlife management in Gabon. Thus, we use Ostrom's socio-ecological approach as a basis by considering the governance system and the actors whose interactions have impacts on the wildlife resource. We therefore conducted a literature search and a qualitative survey using a semi-structured questionnaire with 73 people. After categorizing our stakeholders (wildlife management agents - wildlife harvesters – consumers), two types of relationships emerged. A collaborative relationship between actors of the same group and a dependent-power relationship between two different groups. However, the legal texts that allow for the effectiveness of the latter relationship only legislate on hunting and not on the bushmeat trade. In addition, certain legal texts should be updated and rigorously applied to truly meet the objectives of sustainable wildlife management and to secure the professions of these actors.

Keywords

• regulations
• Gabon
• actors
• bushmeat
• socio-ecological approach
• systemic analysis