Frontiers in Microbiology (Jul 2017)
Structures and Corresponding Functions of Five Types of Picornaviral 2A Proteins
- Xiaoyao Yang,
- Xiaoyao Yang,
- Xiaoyao Yang,
- Anchun Cheng,
- Anchun Cheng,
- Anchun Cheng,
- Mingshu Wang,
- Mingshu Wang,
- Mingshu Wang,
- Renyong Jia,
- Renyong Jia,
- Renyong Jia,
- Kunfeng Sun,
- Kunfeng Sun,
- Kunfeng Sun,
- Kangcheng Pan,
- Qiao Yang,
- Qiao Yang,
- Qiao Yang,
- Ying Wu,
- Ying Wu,
- Ying Wu,
- Dekang Zhu,
- Dekang Zhu,
- Shun Chen,
- Shun Chen,
- Shun Chen,
- Mafeng Liu,
- Mafeng Liu,
- Mafeng Liu,
- Xin-Xin Zhao,
- Xin-Xin Zhao,
- Xin-Xin Zhao,
- Xiaoyue Chen,
- Xiaoyue Chen
Affiliations
- Xiaoyao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Xiaoyao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Xiaoyao Yang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Anchun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Anchun Cheng
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Mingshu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Mingshu Wang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Renyong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Renyong Jia
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Kunfeng Sun
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Kunfeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Kunfeng Sun
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Kangcheng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Qiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Qiao Yang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Ying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Ying Wu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Dekang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Dekang Zhu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Shun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Shun Chen
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Mafeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Mafeng Liu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Xin-Xin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Xin-Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Xin-Xin Zhao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Xiaoyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- Xiaoyue Chen
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01373
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 8
Abstract
Among the few non-structural proteins encoded by the picornaviral genome, the 2A protein is particularly special, irrespective of structure or function. During the evolution of the Picornaviridae family, the 2A protein has been highly non-conserved. We believe that the 2A protein in this family can be classified into at least five distinct types according to previous studies. These five types are (A) chymotrypsin-like 2A, (B) Parechovirus-like 2A, (C) hepatitis-A-virus-like 2A, (D) Aphthovirus-like 2A, and (E) 2A sequence of the genus Cardiovirus. We carried out a phylogenetic analysis and found that there was almost no homology between each type. Subsequently, we aligned the sequences within each type and found that the functional motifs in each type are highly conserved. These different motifs perform different functions. Therefore, in this review, we introduce the structures and functions of these five types of 2As separately. Based on the structures and functions, we provide suggestions to combat picornaviruses. The complexity and diversity of the 2A protein has caused great difficulties in functional and antiviral research. In this review, researchers can find useful information on the 2A protein and thus conduct improved antiviral research.
Keywords
