FEATURES OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF FILAMENTOUS PAPILLAE OF THE TONGUE AT EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

The mucous membrane of the tongue is considered one of the most important structures of the organism that performs multifaceted functions throughout life. Clinical changes of the mucous membrane of the tongue are determined by morphofunctional features and due to its localization in the initial digestive tract systems. Due to the general neuroreflex regulation is special effects on the tissues of the tongue create chronic diseases, including diabetes mellitus. The neurotrophic component in diabetes plays an important role in pathogenesis of destructive and inflammatory lesions of the tongue, but the mechanism of these lesions and morphological manifestations are insufficiently studied. Therefore, the aim of our study was to study morpho-functional changes in the filamentous papillae of the tongue of adult rats at experimental streptozotocin diabetes mellitus. Twenty adult white male rats of the line were used for the study Wistar (body weight 180-200 g), which were equally divided into 2 groups: experimental, control. Experimental group (10 rats) streptozotocin “SIGMA” (USA) was administered once intraperitoneally, which was diluted in 0.1 M citrate buffer with a pH of 4.5 at a rate of 6 mg per 100 g body weight. Control group (10 rats) in an equivalent dose once 0.1 M citrate buffer pH 4.5 was administered intraperitoneally. Capture material was carried out after 4 and 8 weeks from the start of modeling streptozotocin diabetes mellitus after previous euthanasia under thiopental anesthesia. Histological method of research was used (hematoxylin and eosin staining) and scanning electron microscopy. Microphotographs were used for morphometric studies. Morphometry was performed using NIH USA “Image J” and “Bio” programs Vision 4.01 ”in manual mode with magnification. Computer data processing was performed using a statistical package STATISTICA (StatSoft, Inc. (2010), STATISTICA (data analysis software system), version 10. Statistical changes were considered significant when achieved the level of statistical significance was p<0.05. In 4 weeks from the beginning of experimental modeling streptozotocin diabetes mellitus, compared with the control group, there is malnutrition of the papillae, resulting in smoothing their microrelief, the diameter and height of filamentous papillae decreases, the distance increases between them. Keratohyalin masses accumulate on the tops of individual papillae bizarre shape. In 8 weeks from the beginning of modeling of experimental diabetes mellitus diabetic changes in the mucous membrane of the tongue are particularly pronounced. On the surface of the mucous membrane of the tongue is a large number of lamellar structures and keratin conglomerates. These structures are especially clear can be traced on the tops of filamentous and rolled papillae. On some areas the entire surface of the papillae is covered with small globular structures that makes them similar to mulberry fruit. On preparations of a mucous membrane tongue we often observed whole complexes of adhered microorganisms. It should be noted that 8 weeks after the start of the experiment there is a colorful histological picture, which is characterized a combination of atrophic and hyperplastic processes in the mucous membrane of the tongue.Conclusions. Streptozotocin diabetes leads to destructive changes in the mucous membrane of the tongue, accompanied by phenomena acanthosis and hyperkeratosis and adhesion of pathogenic microflora on its surface. There is malnutrition of filamentous papillae, resulting in smoothing their microrelief, decreases in diameter and height, increases the distance between them which is confirmed by a decrease in their density by 1,05-2 times.

Keywords

• tongue
• mucous membrane of the tongue
• filamentous papillae
• streptozotocin diabetes mellitus.