Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Anemia of Various Geneses

Abstract

Modern methods for diagnosing disorders of iron metabolism (ferritin, C-reactive protein) in iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and anemia of chronic diseases (ACD) contribute to the identification of metabolic characteristics that negatively affect the mother-placenta-fetus system. The biological response to hypoxia varies in anemia of different geneses: depletion of iron depot on the background of chronic infectious and inflammatory processes is accompanied by more obvious homeostasis disorders. Excessive activity of the peroxidase system (increase in prooxidant factors – malondialdehyde, catalase of blood serum and red blood cells, sulfhydryl groups) explains the large frequency of gestational complications and perinatal diseases in ACD women, such as morphofunctional immaturity, hypoxic-ischemic lesion of the central nervous system of newborns, and infectious and inflammatory diseases. The degree of ante- and perinatal well-being in conditions of ID, accompanied by a violation of the molecular mechanisms of protein synthesis, depends on the activity of adaptive homeostatic mechanisms of the mother-placenta-fetus system. The strategy to reduce adverse perinatal outcomes includes identification of abnormal metabolism predictors with the expansion of the scope of examination in groups with high infectious risk, further monitoring of risk cases, and pathogenetic therapy.

Keywords

• iron deficiency anemia
• anemia of chronic diseases
• outcomes
• oxidative stress