Normative database for Spaeth Richman contrast sensitivity test for Indian eyes

Abstract

Purpose: To ascertain normative database of contrast sensitivity (CS) using Spaeth/Richman CS test (SPARCS) in the Indian population. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 200 healthy individuals, and CS was tested in both eyes of each participant using SPARCS. A detailed ocular examination was done before enrollment to rule out pathologies that may affect CS. A practice test was performed in the right eye (OD), followed by uniocular testing in each eye and a final binocular test. Results: Data of 400 eyes of 200 subjects who fulfilled the inclusion criteria was evaluated. The average age of subjects was 46.57 ± 16.77 years (range 21–79 years), with a slight female preponderance (53%, n = 106). A statistically significant decline in average SPARCS scores was noted with increasing age (P < 0.05), ranging from 86.68 (20–29 years age group) to 67.44 (70–79 years age group). Higher scores were noted in binocular testing than uniocular testing (Interclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.83; P < 0.001). Females achieved statistically significant higher total scores in uniocular SPARCS testing (both OD and OS), but there was no significant difference noted between the two genders in binocular testing. Correlation between practice and main tests was statistically Significant with an interclass correlation coefficient of 0.54 (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Normative database for SPARCS was established for Indian eyes, with a decreasing trend noted in peripheral as well as central CS scores with increasing age.

Keywords

• contrast sensitivity
• cs
• normative database
• peripheral contrast sensitivity
• sparcs