The diversity of neurocysticercosis clinical manifestations in Bali, Indonesia: a case series

Abstract

Abstract Background Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a parasitic disease of the nervous system caused by the larval form of Taenia solium which is started to be neglected despite its high prevalence in poor and developing countries. Neurocysticercosis has various clinical manifestations and radiological findings ranging from parenchymal to extra parenchymal location, thus can make it difficult to diagnose. Case presentations We report four cases of NCC with varying manifestations, including epilepsy, chronic headache, space-occupying lesions with increased intracranial pressure, and asymptomatic case. NCC diagnosis requires imaging studies with either a head CT-scan or head MRI. Management of NCC is based on the clinical manifestations extended from antiepileptic drugs, analgetics, and antiedema to surgery besides anti-parasitic albendazole. Conclusions This case series describes the clinical manifestations of NCC and the radiologic findings and treatment specifically related to parenchymal and extra-parenchymal lesions.

Keywords

• Clinical manifestations
• Case report
• Neurocysticercosis
• Parenchymal
• Extraparenchymal