Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria (Jan 2008)

Perfil neuropsiquiátrico na doença de Alzheimer e na demência mista Neuropsychiatric profile in Alzheimer's disease and in mixed dementia

  • Simone Rios Fonseca,
  • Ana Paula Borges Santos,
  • Mariana Alves de Almeida,
  • Henrique Cerqueira Guimarães,
  • Thiago André Fuscaldi Corrêa,
  • Rogério Gomes Beato,
  • Paulo Caramelli

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0047-20852008000200006
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 57, no. 2
pp. 117 – 121

Abstract

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Alguns estudos sugerem que infartos cerebrais possam agravar a demência em pacientes com doença de Alzheimer (DA) e que sintomas neuropsiquiátricos sejam comuns tanto na DA quanto na demência vascular (DV). Doença cerebrovascular concomitante à DA incorre na chamada demência mista (DM). OBJETIVOS: Comparar a freqüência e o perfil dos sintomas neuropsiquiátricos em uma amostra de pacientes com DA e DM. MÉTODOS: Análise retrospectiva dos prontuários de 70 pacientes com diagnóstico de DA provável e 14 com DM. Informações sobre sintomatologia neuropsiquiátrica foram obtidas por meio dos relatos de familiares e cuidadores. RESULTADOS: A média etária foi de 74,5 anos na DA e 75,1 na DM. O sintoma mais comum na DA foi agitação (61,4%), enquanto na DM foi apatia (71,7%). Na DM, nove (64,3%) pacientes apresentavam > 5 sintomas, enquanto na DA, 40 (57,1%) apresentavam 4 anos de doença; na DM, 10 (71,4%) tinham Some studies suggest that concomitant cerebral infarction may worsen the severity of dementia in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and that neuropsychiatric symptoms are common either in patients with AD and vascular dementia. AD lesions together with cerebrovascular disease is commonly called mixed dementia (MD). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was carried out in medical charts of 70 patients with probable AD and 14 with MD. Information on neuropsychiatric symptoms was based on caregivers' and families' reports. RESULTS: Mean age was 74.5 years in AD and 75.1 in MD. The most common symptom in AD was agitation (61.4%), while in MD apathy was more common (71.7%). In MD, 9 (64.3%) patients had 5 or more symptoms, while in AD, 40 (57.1%) had 4 or less. Forty-five (64.3%) patients with AD had more than 4 years of disease; in MD, 10 (71.4%) had less than 3 years. Patients with MD showed shorter duration of symptoms (p<0.05), suggesting that these patients search earlier for medical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with MD exhibited a greater severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms, which may have been responsible for the earlier need of specialized assistance.

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