Clinical Ophthalmology (Oct 2020)
Topical Difluprednate for Early Corneal Graft Rejection After Penetrating Keratoplasty
Abstract
Omar M Said,1 Mohamed GA Saleh,2 Ahmed F Omar,2,3 Ahmed A Abdou,2 Ali Natag Riad Mostafa2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; 3University Hospitals Eye Institute and the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USACorrespondence: Ahmed F Omar Tel +1 216 844-7230Email [email protected]: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of topical difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion use for prophylaxis of corneal graft rejection in patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty.Methods: This study reviewed the charts of patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty who were treated with difluprednate (DP) ophthalmic emulsion postoperatively. At each follow-up visit, patients were followed for signs of graft rejection, cataract development, and intraocular pressure rise in addition to routine ocular examination.Results: The charts of 36 patients (38 eyes) who underwent penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) (27 eyes) and PKP triple (11 eyes) were reviewed. All eyes were followed up for at least 8 months postoperatively. Five grafts developed rejection and three grafts subsequently failed. Six eyes had an increase of IOP that required use of antiglaucoma drops. Three eyes were switched from difluprednate to prednisolone acetate (PA) after persistent rise of IOP failed to respond to antiglaucoma drops. None of these cases needed glaucoma surgery. Two patients developed cataract during the follow-up period (out of 12 phakic eyes).Conclusion: Topical difluprednate is potentially effective and safe in preventing graft rejection after penetrating keratoplasty. Larger prospective clinical trials are warranted.Keywords: difluprednate, penetrating keratoplasty, graft rejection
