信賴原則在醫糾適用之類型化與法學實證研究 Reliance Doctrine in Medical Disputes ― A Comparative and Empirical Study

Abstract

由於目前醫療分工已有專業化的趨勢，且組織醫療已由往昔「上下服從」關係逐漸轉變為「水平分業」關係，故須尋求一適當的類型化基準，以合理分配組織醫療中不同專業人員間的注意義務範圍與責任。本文即嘗試將源於交通事故之信賴原則，擴大使用於醫療領域，以合理分配注意義務，並緩和醫療過失責任的高度化；故首先依據組織醫療人員間之分業與監督關係、信賴原則與管理監督過失等爭點，來分析「信賴原則」的法理基礎；再以「功能性」取代「身分性」的類型化基礎，以建立醫療上「專業分工」的分類體系；最後並以法學實證研究的方式，跨領域對於醫療人員及法律人士的探討其實際適用的可能性。 Due to the trend of specialization in modern medicine, medical practice in most institutes should include various qualified professionals who will not only perform their specialties independently but also collaborate each other as a team work. As such, it is necessary for us to seek categorized standards to reasonably divide the scope of the duty of care and the responsibilities for different professionals within a medical team. This article will try to apply the doctrine of reliance originated from traffic accidents to the medical field for reasonable allocation of duty of care and liabilities. After analyzing legal theories from comparative legal research, this article adopts function standard rather than identity standard as a categorization system for the liabilities of medical teamwork. Then this article utilizes empirical legal research on both medical and legal personnel to verify this categorization.

Keywords

• 專業分工
• 組織醫療
• 信賴原則
• 醫療糾紛
• 實證研究
• Specialized Labor Division
• Medical Teamwork
• Doctrine of Reliance
• Medical Disputes
• Empirical Research