Research in Cardiovascular Medicine (Jan 2018)
The prevalence of arrhythmias in congenital heart patients and the response rate to antiarrhythmic treatment; A single center study
Abstract
Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) in adults can be associated with several complications, one of the most important of these complications is cardiac arrhythmias. Accordingly, we decided to study the prevalence of arrhythmias in congenital heart patients and the response rate to antiarrhythmic in patients referred to Shahid Rajaee Hospital in the last 10 years. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 110 patients with CHD referred to Shahid Rajaee Hospital in the last 10 years were selected and were included in the study. The incidence of arrhythmias was determined in them based on the electrocardiogram. In addition, the type of treatment and the response rate to the treatment were studied in patients. Results: In this study, the mean age of patients was 33.73 ± 13.15 years. Among patients, 59 (53.6%) cases were male and 51 (46.4%) were female. Three of the most common symptoms were palpation in 53 (48.2%) cases, dyspnea in 27 (24.5%), and vertigo in 16 (14.5%). The most common type of arrhythmias was atrial flutter in 35.5%, followed by atrial fibrillation in 28.2% and CHB 19.1%, respectively. The most commonly used type of treatment for patients was electrical cardioversion (32.7%), pace (23.6%), and drug cardioversion (22.7%), respectively. The response rate was 94.5% Returning to sinus rhythm, 3.6% continued arrhythmias, and 1.8% turned into other arrhythmias. Based on the duration of postoperative arrhythmias in patients, the highest frequency was observed for 10 years after surgery, which was observed in 49 (44.5%) patients, and thereafter 1 day after surgery in 18 (16.4%) and 1 week after surgery in 12 (10.9%) cases. The association of arrhythmias with treatments for patients regarding palliative status was investigated, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.774) the association of arrhythmias with treatments for patients regarding repaired was investigated, which was statistically significant (P = 0.0001). There is a significant relationship between arrhythmias with QRS duration (P = 0.0001). There is a significant relationship between arrhythmias with right ventricular aneurysm and cyanotic disease (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The current study provides an example of the frequency, diagnosis, and treatment of arrhythmia in patients with congenital heart failure. This study mainly focused on arrhythmias in adults with CHD. However, today, the majority of CHD can be treated with surgical or interventional therapy; however, it is not yet known how arrhythmias occur in patients with CHD.
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