Métabolisme oxygéné des acides gras polyinsaturés et fonction dans les cellules sanguines et vasculaires1

Abstract

Most polyunsaturated fatty acids have the minimal 1,4-cis,cis-pentadiene configuration to be oxygenated into a conjugated diene hydroperoxide. This product is usually reduced into the corresponding hydroxy derivative by cell glutathione peroxidases. A series of mono-, di- and tri-hydroxy derivatives can then be formed. In addition, eicosapolyenoic acids having at least three double bonds at carbons 8, 11 and 14 are oxygenated and cyclised by cyclooxygenases into prostanoids, as well as some docosapolyenoic counterparts with at least three double bonds at carbons 10, 13 and 16, but to a lesser extent. Most of those oxygenated metabolites have been described with specific biological functions, especially in blood and vascular cells. Few cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenases products have been described as well with less characterized biological functions.

Keywords

• oxygenases
• prostanoids
• leukotrienes
• protectins
• resolvins
• octadecanoids
• docosanoids