Безопасность техногенных и природных систем (Jun 2020)
Combined solution to problems of increasing the efficiency of engineering systems of power supply and waste management
Abstract
Introduction. In modern conditions of economic development of society, technological complexes are used to obtain thermal energy, which is then converted into other types of energy, depending on the purpose of the engineering power supply system. They mainly use various types of organic and hydrocarbon fuels as an energy source. At the same time, along with the increasing demand of mankind for energy, there is a significant increase in the formation and accumulation of production and consumption waste, among which the largest volume is accounted for solid municipal solid waste (MSW).Problem Statement. The purpose of this study is to provide a possibility for solving the problems of increasing energy production and improving the environmental efficiency of the MSW management system by formulating a scientific hypothesis and scientific approaches based on the main provisions of the theory of dispersed systems and considering MSW as a set of dispersed systems that have a certain amount of energy, and therefore, calorific value. Based on this approach, it is necessary to improve technologies for recycling MSW in order to extract the maximum amount of various types of energy from them.Theoretical Part. The proposed fundamentally new scientific approach, based on the energy classification of certain types of waste in MSW, as well as energy indexing of technologies for their utilization, allows us to improve the modern system for handling MSW, based on the conditions for extracting the maximum possible amount of different types of energy from waste and ensuring a minimum (within the established standards) negative impact of waste on the environment.Conclusions. The scientific hypothesis proposed by the authors is based on the fact that MSW can be used as a fuel that has a certain, very significant energy reserve. The authors plan further scientific research related to the identification, formalization and proof of certain patterns described as assumptions, which in the future will allow generalizing the scientific approach proposed for MSW to almost all other types of waste, which for a number of reasons cannot be recycled and reused.
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