Mechanical basis of high mobility group box 1 protein in regulating biological damage regards to obesity

Abstract

Obesity accounts for leading epidemic diseases worldwide and it in association with hypertension induce organ damage especially with cardiac and renal damages. In current scenario it is important to understand the genes involved in obesity induced hypertension associated organ damage. Previous studies with HMGB1 shows their role in initiating inflammatory response but its role in hypertension associated organ damage are still obscure. The present study mainly focuses on identifying the role of HMGB1 in cardiac and renal tissue damage following obesity induced hypertension. Following high fat diet and leptin injection the mice are able to develop obesity induced initial hypertension and critical hypertension stages in 4 months and 9 months diet protocol. The histopathological complication in initiating initial stages of cardiac and renal damage as well as critical organ damage are conclude based on the grade of microarchitecture changes. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting studies shows the elevated expression of HMGB1 in cardiac and renal tissue following initial hypertension induced organ damage but its expression is downregulated at critical stages of organ damage of cardiac and renal tissue. But in case of COX2 which is responsible for inflammation, shows gradual upregulated expression pattern as damages progress due to hypertension associated organ damage. Our result conclude that HMGB1 plays a key role in initiating organ damage following obesity induced hypertension and once damage attains saturation its expression is downregulated. Keywords: Hypertension, HMGB1, COX2, Leptin, Organ damage, Obesity