Emulsion Liquid Membranes Based on Os–NP/n–Decanol or n–Dodecanol Nanodispersions for p–Nitrophenol Reduction

Abstract

Membrane materials with osmium nanoparticles have been recently reported for bulk membranes and supported composite membrane systems. In the present paper, a catalytic material based on osmium dispersed in n–decanol (nD) or n–dodecanol (nDD) is presented, which also works as an emulsion membrane. The hydrogenation of p–nitrophenol (PNP) is carried out in a reaction and separation column in which an emulsion in the acid-receiving phase is dispersed in an osmium nanodispersion in n–alcohols. The variables of the PNP conversion process and p–aminophenol (PAP) transport are as follows: the nature of the membrane alcohol, the flow regime, the pH difference between the source and receiving phases and the number of operating cycles. The conversion results are in all cases better for nD than nDD. The counter-current flow regime is superior to the co-current flow. Increasing the pH difference between the source and receiving phases amplifies the process. The number of operating cycles is limited to five, after which the regeneration of the membrane dispersion is required. The apparent catalytic rate constant (kapp) of the new catalytic material based on the emulsion membrane with the nanodispersion of osmium nanoparticles (0.1 × 10−3 s−1 for n–dodecanol and 0.9 × 10−3 s−1 for n–decanol) is lower by an order of magnitude compared to those based on adsorption on catalysts from the platinum metal group. The advantage of the tested membrane catalytic material is that it extracts p–aminophenol in the acid-receiving phase.

Keywords

• osmium
• osmium nanoparticle
• osmium reduction
• p–nitrophenol reduction
• nanodispersion
• liquid membranes