Relationship between Cyclic and Non-Cyclic Force-Velocity Characteristics in BMX Cyclists

Abstract

Especially for bicycle motocross (BMX) cyclists, transfer of muscular force-velocity (Fv) characteristics between common strength training exercises and cycling is important. This study investigated the relationship between Fv characteristics in a common training exercise (squat jumps) and a sport-specific task (cycling) in high-level BMX racers by exploring the degree to which Fv and torque−cadence (Tc) characteristics correspond. Twelve BMX racers performed an Fv (multiple loaded squat jump) and two Tc tests (ramp starts and flat-ground sprints). Results revealed very large correlations between F 0 and T o r 0   s t a r t (r = 0.77) and between P m a x   j u m p and P m a x   s t a r t (r = 0.85). On the other hand, the relationships between v 0 and C a d 0   s t a r t (r = −0.25) and between S F v and S T c   s t a r t (r = −0.14) were small and negative. Similar results were observed for sprints. Based on dichotomous classifications (greater or less than group median), several discrepancies occurred, particularly for the profile slopes and high-speed variables. Thus, we recommend performing both jump-based and cycling-specific F v testing. Of additional note, T c characteristics on flat ground were similar to, but slightly different from those on the start ramp. Therefore, where possible, Tc tests should be carried out on a ramp.

Keywords

• torque
• power
• sprint cycling
• vertical jump
• profile