AIP Advances (Apr 2018)
Thermally stimulated depolarization current study on barium titanate single crystals
Abstract
Thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) measurements were applied to investigate BaTiO3 single crystals with , , and orientations, and annealed under different atmospheres, respectively. The TSDC peaks related to ferroelectric domain, ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transition, TiTi′−VÖ dipole relaxation and oxygen vacancy migration were observed from the TSDC spectra. The formation of oxygen vacancy clusters in BaTiO3 single crystals leads to a high dipole activation energy. The crystalline face of BaTiO3 is more stable under external field than others.