Optimization of Extraction Conditions for Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from the Roots of <i>Adenophora tetraphylla</i> (Thunb.) Fisch. and Its Effects on Glucose Consumption on HepG2 Cells

Abstract

The root of Adenophora tetraphylla (Thunb.) Fisch. is a common Chinese materia medica and the polysaccharides which have been isolated from the plant are important active components for medicinal purposes. The objective of the current study was to optimize the extraction parameters and evaluate the glucose consumption activity for Adenophorae root polysaccharides (ARPs). The optimization of ARP extraction was evaluated with preliminary experiments and using response surface methodology (RSM). The conditions investigated were 35–45 °C extraction temperature, 20–30 (v/w) water-to-solid ratio, and 3–5 h extraction time. The antidiabetic effects of ARPs for the glucose consumption activity were evaluated in HepG2 cells. The statistical analyses of the experiments indicated that temperature, water-to-solid ratio, and extraction time significantly affected ARP yield (p p p p < 0.001) at 250 μg/mL on HepG2 cells. This study provides a sustainable alternative for the industry since it allowed simplified handling and a specific quantity of ARPs. Furthermore, ARPs might directly stimulate the glucose consumption in the liver and showed no cytotoxicity; therefore, ARPs probably could be taken as a potential natural source of antidiabetic materials.

Keywords

• polysaccharides
• Adenophorae Radix
• response surface methodology
• Box–Behnken design
• glucose consumption