Adiponectin and its polymorphism: relation to coronary artery disease

Abstract

Background Adiponectin is an adipocytokine with important role in atherosclerosis. Increasing interest has been directed toward the role of adiponectin gene polymorphism in the human genome and its implication in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Objectives The present study investigates the association between the single nucleotide polymorphism +276 G/T of the adiponectin gene and serum adiponectin level in patients with CAD. Methods In this study, 100 Egyptian patients with CAD of both sexes and 100 age-matched and sex-matched control volunteers were investigated. All patients were genotyped for +276 G/T polymorphism of adiponectin gene. Lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, and hemoglobin A1c were measured. Adiponectin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels were determined by ELISA technique. PCR based on restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to determine the genotypes of the studied population. Results The lowest serum adiponectin value was observed in patients with CAD compared with control group. The T allele of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) +276 G/T in the adiponectin gene was found to be associated with CAD (odd ratio 2.23; 95% confidence interval: 1.44–3.45; P=0.001). The significant association of the T allele (GT+TT) of this SNP with lower adiponectin level and hsCRP levels was confirmed in the study (P=0.003 and 0.006, respectively). Conclusions Our results concluded that +276 G/T SNP in the adiponectin gene is associated with CAD. Furthermore, carriers of the at-risk T allele had lower serum adiponectin level and higher serum hsCRP, causingin turn an increased risk to develop CAD.

Keywords

• adiponectin gene
• coronary artery disease
• PCR-RFLP
• polymorphism