Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in patients with cerebral and spinal cavernous malformations: a complete ten-year follow-up study

• S. Rauscher,
• A.N. Santos,
• L. Rauschenbach,
• H.H. Gull,
• A. Olbrich,
• M. Darkwah Oppong,
• C. Rieß,
• B. Chen,
• A. Lenkheit,
• B. Schmidt,
• Y. Li,
• R. Jabbarli,
• K.H. Wrede,
• U. Sure,
• P. Dammann

Affiliations

S. Rauscher

University Hospital of Essen, Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Essen, Germany

A.N. Santos

University Hospital of Essen, Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Essen, Germany

L. Rauschenbach

University Hospital of Essen, Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Essen, Germany

H.H. Gull

University Hospital of Essen, Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Essen, Germany

A. Olbrich

University Hospital of Essen, Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Essen, Germany

M. Darkwah Oppong

University Hospital of Essen, Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Essen, Germany

C. Rieß

University Hospital of Essen, Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Essen, Germany

B. Chen

University Hospital of Essen, Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Essen, Germany

A. Lenkheit

University Hospital of Essen, Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Essen, Germany

B. Schmidt

University Hospital of Essen, Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Essen, Germany

Y. Li

University Hospital of Essen, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Essen, Germany

R. Jabbarli

University Hospital of Essen, Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Essen, Germany

K.H. Wrede

University Hospital of Essen, Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Essen, Germany

U. Sure

University Hospital of Essen, Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Essen, Germany

P. Dammann

University Hospital of Essen, Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Essen, Germany