Antigenic differences between wildtype measles viruses and vaccine viruses in Indonesia

Abstract

Background Measles virus has a single, negative strand RNA genome which codes 6 structural proteins: N, F, P M, H and L. Currently there are several variances in the nucleotide sequences of N, F, M and H genes across wild type measles viruses, hence measles viruses can be categorized into clades and genotypes. The antigenicity of the previous genotype of measles is different from the current genotype. Objective To determine the antigenic differences between wild type measles virus and measles vaccine virus. Methods Analysis of the antigenic differences between wild type virus (G2, G3 and D9) and vaccine virus (CAM-70 and Schwarz) was performed by immunizing mice with the respective viruses. The serum was then tested with micro-cross-neutralization technique using the G2, G3, D9 and CAM-70 virus. Tests with cross ELISA examination technique were also performed using the same set of virus. Results Analysis of the cross neutralization test and cross ELISA showed that the highest antigenicity reaction was found between wild type virus with antibody against wild type virus, while the lowest reaction was between wild type virus with antibody against CAM-70. Conclusions We conclude that the antigenicity of antigenic protein from wild type virus is higher than antigenicity of vaccine virus protein. In addition, it was found that the antigenicity of proteins from Schwarz vaccine virus was higher than proteins CAM-70 vaccine virus.

Keywords

• measles virus
• antigenic
• measles vaccine
• neutralization
• ELISA