Disaster Affect Levels of Individuals Experienced by 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake: A Case Study of Hatay

Abstract

Aim: Earthquakes are significant natural disasters with profound medical, economic, and societal impacts. Unlike other disasters, they occur suddenly, causing extensive destruction, death, and injuries, which lead to numerous additional problems. This study aims to assess the levels of trauma and stress among individuals who experienced the earthquake in Hatay on February 6, 2023, and to identify potential influencing factors. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study surveyed individuals residing in Hatay, who experienced the Kahramanmaraş earthquake. A convenience sampling method was used to select 200 participants. Data were collected using a questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, earthquake experiences, and the Trauma Scale for Earthquake Survivors. Results: 17% of the 200 participants stated that they were injured in the earthquake, 57% stated that they lost their loved ones and 78% stated that they suffered financial losses. Additionally, 46% reported their homes were “moderately/heavily damaged,” and 68% indicated a need for financial support. The average trauma scale score was 65.8±17.3. Higher trauma scores were found among female participants, those who lost their relatives, suffered financial losses, had collapsed homes, or received/needed psychological support. Conclusion: The study reveals that women, individuals with psychiatric illnesses, those who lost relatives, and those experiencing financial losses were significantly impacted by the earthquake. Key factors influencing trauma levels included gender, psychiatric illness, loss of relatives, financial support status, and income.

Keywords

• earthquakes
• disasters
• psychology
• trauma