Revista Chilena de Historia Natural (Jun 2006)
Análisis de diversidad genética en tres poblaciones de llamas (Lama glama) del noroeste argentino Analisis of genetic diversity in three llama (Lama glama) populations from north-western Argentina
Abstract
Este trabajo describe la variabilidad genética actual de tres poblaciones de llamas (Lama glama) del noroeste argentino (NOA), afectadas a la producción de fibra. Originariamente, las tropas fueron una única población la cual fue subdividida hace 10 años. Se estudiaron muestras de ADN de 77 animales mediante amplificación por PCR de 12 loci microsatélite con cebadores específicos de llama. La alta variabilidad genética comprobada se sustenta en el hallazgo total de 140 alelos diferentes, 9 a 16 alelos por locus y rangos de heterocigosidad observada y esperada por locus de 1 a 0 y 0,9 a 0,47, respectivamente. Diecinueve de treinta y seis pruebas de equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg mostraron desvíos significativos (P The current genetic variability of three llama (Lama glama) management units from the northwestern Argentine (NOA) was analyzed. The troops, originally comprised a unique population that 10 years ago was divided into the current three. The DNA of 77 animals was studied by PCR amplification of 12 loci using microsatellite primers specific of Lama glama. A high level of genetic variability is sustained by the finding of one hundred and forty total alleles, a range of 9 to 16 allele number per locus and observed and expected hetrozygosities per locus varying from 1 to 0 and 0.9 to 0.47, respectively. Distributed within the three troops 44 private alleles were detected and proposed for uses such as to exchange new allelic variants. Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium test for each locus within each population showed significant deviation (P < 0.05) due to heterozygotes deficiency which may obey to the natural polygynic behaviour of the species. A moderated genetic differentiation between populations (Fst = 0.076; P = 0.000) may be explained by the introduction of foreing males parents at the moment of the original population subdivision. Transference to breeders of the data here obtained may be important in future management programmes
