Dislipidemia and Serum Level of Interleukin-22 in Hyptrtensive Patients with Concomitant Excessive Body Weight or Obesity

Abstract

Introduction. Hypertension is the most common chronic disease that has up to 20.0-30.0 % of the adult population of the planet. The presence of concomitant diseases, including obesity worsens the course and prognosis of Hypertension. Therefore, one of the pressing and studying problems at this time in the whole World is obesity and diseases associated with it. Along with obesity, an important factor in the risk of cardiovascular events, is a lipid metabolism disorder. In recent years, the concept has been formulated, according to which in the pathogenesis of lipid metabolism disoder an important role is played by the inflammatory process, mediated by cytokines. Interleukin-22, as shown by the results of previous studies, has a direct positive relationship with many cardiometabolic risk factors, including sex, smoking, and body mass index. However, the issue of interleukin-22 implication in the pathogenesis of obesity, dyslipidemia, especially in relation to exogenous postprandial hyperlipemia, is not sufficiently studied on the clinical level in hypertensive patients whis obesity. Aim. The study is devoted to determining the parameters of the lipid metabolism and the serum level of interleukin-22, as well as the relationship between them, in patients with hypertension, depending on the presence of excess body weight or concomitant obesity. Materials and methods. 80 patients with hypertension were examined. All patients were divided into three groups: group 1 (n = 19; 23.8 %) – patients with hypertension whis normal body weight, group 2 (n = 30; 37.5 %) – hypertensive patients with excess body weight, group 3 (n = 31; 38.8 %) – hypertensive patients with obesity. The control group included 12 healthy individuals. Levels of serum interleukin-22 were studied by using set Bender Medsystems® Human IL-22 Platinum ELISA. Results. According to the results of the study, in patients with hypertension of the third group there is a maximum content of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic index, remnant cholesterol and apolipoprotein B. The minimum content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is observed in the second and third groups of patients with hypertension. When comparing the parameters of lipid metabolism in the main groups of patients with hypertension and the control group, a significant increase in all atherogenic parameters in the main groups was revealed (p < 0.001). These data suggest that dyslipidemia is directly or indirectly involved in the mechanism of increasing blood pressure and the development of hypertension. Thus, hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia can directly affect the tone of peripheral vessels and, accordingly, on indicators of arterial pressure. It was noted that in hypertensive patients with excessive body weight and obesity revealed basal hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypoalphacholesterolemia, increased cholesterol levels of low density lipoprotein and cholesterol of very low density lipoprotein, and also the disturbance of lipid metabolism tolerance in the postprandial period, which is manifested by an increase the content of total cholesterol, triglycerides, cholesterol of low density lipoprotein, cholesterol of lipoproteins is very low density and decrease cholesterol of high density lipoprotein. More significant positive correlations of interleukin-22 with lipid metabolism parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, remnant cholesterol and atherogenic index) in patients with hypertension with concomitant obesity were found compared with a group of hypertensive patients without no signs of excessive body weight or obesity. Conclusions. Thus, the data obtained may indicate an interleukin-22 hypertensive effect. And the presence of close correlation relations of the investigated cytokine with parameters of the lipid spectrum may indicate that it is involved in increasing the severity of lipid metabolism disorders.

Keywords

• dyslipidemia
• excessive body weight
• hypertension
• interleukin-22
• obesity