Migrations, emplois et discriminations

Abstract

The topic of integration of rural migrants into the urban job market has become essential in China. Within the context of economic reforms, migration policies in mainland China have been redefined, with a strong intensification of internal migrations. Since the 1980’s, this movement is mostly represented by flows of peasant-workers (min gong), who have become a major element of China’s transition towards a market economy. This paper examines the insertion of rural migrants into the job market of Guangdong province, using an original database stemming from a 2006 survey of peasant-workers. From duration models, we give a particular attention to individual, temporal (evolution of job mobility with time) and spatial (role of the place of out-migration) characteristics. Our results show that migrants are a heterogeneous group considering individual characteristics and their employability in the Pearl River delta. Women, young people and low-skilled workers have an advantage. Geographic proximity is also a positive element. Finally, we examine the determinants of urban salaries for the peasant-workers who are entering a job market that appears more and mosre segmented and fragmented. peasant-worker, mobility, urban employment, salary, China

Keywords

• paysan-ouvrier
• emploi urbain
• mobilité
• Chine
• salaire