Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity and in vitro Antihistaminic Activity of Two Source Plants of Shalaparni, Desmodium gangeticum, and Desmodium velutinum panchanga Powder

Abstract

Introduction:Desmodium gangeticum is the accepted source of Shalaparni, a herb commonly used in Ayurveda clinical practice. It has been indicated in Ayurveda treatise and ethnomedicinal texts to treat cough disorders (Kasa). Desmodium velutinum is popular as the substitute of D. gangeticum and is also used to treat cough by the tribals. The present study designed to assess the antibacterial activity and antihistaminic activity of D. gangeticum plus D. velutinum whole plant powder.Methods:The cylinder plate method was adopted using Muller Hinton agar as media and augmentin 625 mg as standard, against Streptococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogens, Haemophilus influenza, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antihistaminic activity was evaluated on secluded guinea pig ileum and standard procedure was adopted.Results:It was observed that D. gangeticum was found effective against three bacterial strains and D. velutinum showed zone of inhibition against all four strains compared to standard. The anti-bacterial activity of the two samples can be attributed to abundance of polyphenols detected in the phytochemical screening. Antihistaminic study revealed that at the dose of histamine (100 ng/mL bath fluid), D. gangeticum produced 41.33% inhibition of histamine prompted reduction of guinea pig ileum, while D. velutinum produced 26.71% histamine prompted shrinkage of guinea pig ileum.Conclusion:The findings in this study indicate that the both the test samples possess anti-bacterial activity and antihistaminic activity.

Keywords

• anti-bacterial
• antihistamine
• cough
• desmodium
• kasa
• shalaparni