The zandok in Arabia contemporaneous with the rise of Islam

Abstract

Zandaqa was one of the common beliefs in pre-Islamic Arabia whose presence in Arabia can be attributed by cultural, social, and economic interactions with Iranian-influenced areas in Iraq, especially Hirra. One of their groups, called the Zanadaqe Quraysh, consisted of the nobles and the rich of Mecca .A deep look at the beliefs of the pre-Islamic Arabs shows that Zandeh in the two meanings of denying the Creator and the resurrection and the permanence of Dahr and also in the meaning of duality and Manichaeism was prevalent among the Arabs This belief was initially among the merchants and the rich who More than others, they traveled to areas under Iranian influence Then it spread among other people. Extensive Manichaean propaganda, Arab political tendencies to defeat and protest against the Prophet, Numerous verses of the Qur'an in condemning them and… There are all reasons to prove the prevalence and pervasiveness of this belief among the ignorant Arabs

Keywords

• zandaq
• hirra
• zanadaqeh qureshi