Evaluation of Meropenem Pharmacokinetics in an Experimental Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Model during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) by Using a PenP β-Lactamase Biosensor

Abstract

Introduction: The use of antibiotics is mandatory in patients during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. Clinical studies have shown high variability in the antibiotic concentrations, as well as sequestration of them by the ECMO circuit, suggesting that the doses and/or interval administration used during ECMO may not be adequate. Thus, a fast response sensor to estimate antibiotic concentrations in this setting would contribute to improve dose adjustments. The biosensor PenP has been shown to have a dynamic range, sensitivity and specificity useful for pharmacokinetic (PK) tests in healthy subjects. However, the use of this biosensor in the context of a complex critical condition, such as ECMO during acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), has not been tested. Objectives: To describe, by using PenP Biosensor, the pharmacokinetic of meropenem in a 24-h animal ARDS/ECMO model. Methods: The PK of meropenem was evaluated in a swine model before and during ECMO. Results: The PK parameters such as maximum concentration (Cmax), elimination rate constant (Ke), and cleareance (Cl), were not significantly altered during ECMO support. Conclusions: (a) ECMO does not affect the PK of meropenem, at least during the first 24 h; and (b) PenP has the potential to become an effective tool for making medical decisions associated with the dose model of antibiotics in a critical patient context.

Keywords

• biosensor
• PenP
• pharmacokinetic
• meropenem
• ECMO