Research on characteristics of acoustic signal of typical partial discharge models

Abstract

The pulse current method, acoustic and ultrasonic partial discharge (PD) detection, and voiceprint PD detection are commonly used detection methods for the PD detection of power equipment. To study the characteristics of PD signals of typical discharge models based on the principles of the above three detection methods, an acoustic detection experimental system consisting of a needle-tip model and a surface model was built. Acoustic tests were carried out on needle-tip models with different curvature radii and surface discharge models with different lengths of conductive paste. The experimental results showed that acoustic and ultrasonic PD detection and voiceprint PD detection exhibited different sensitivities to the needle-tip discharge models, and the combination of acoustic and ultrasonic PD and voiceprint PD detection was more beneficial for the comprehensive detection of cable PD signals. Based on voiceprint recognition technology, this study drew FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation) diagrams of different types of PD acoustic signals and analyzed the differences in the ultrasonic signal frequency distribution. The frequency band of the voiceprint PD signal of the needle-tip discharge models was concentrated in the range 17–27 kHz, and the frequency band of the voiceprint PD signal of the conductive paste discharge models was concentrated in the range 20–25 kHz. The measurement of voiceprint PD signals in these frequency bands were strengthened when the PD of a cable was detected on-site, which provides the basis for the use of the cable model for on-site PD detection.

Keywords

• Needle-tip model
• Radius of curvature
• Surface model
• Discharge capacity
• Number of pulses