Self-healed microcracks in polymer bonded explosives via thermoreversible covalent bond and hydrogen actions

Abstract

Polymeric materials used for the polymer bonded explosive (PBX) or other energetic composite materials (ECMs) that simultaneously possess excellent mechanical properties and high self-healing ability, convenient healing, and facile fabrication are always a huge challenge. Herein, self-healing linear polyurethane elastomers (PTMEG2000-IPDI-DAPU, denoted as 2I-DAPU) with high healing efficiency and mechanical properties were facilely fabricated by constructing reversible covalent bonds and dynamic hard domains into polymer chains. Furthermore, a TATB-based PBX using as-prepared 2I-DAPU polymer as the binder was constructed, disclosing an excellent self-healing property to heal cracks generated during fabrication, transportation and storage. The damage healing manner of such a PBX sample was investigated by means of prefabricated damage through mechanical load, heal treatment via heating at high temperature, and CT-scanning the inner structure and mechanical property characterization via Brazilian test. The self-healing mechanism of internal damage in PBX was preliminarily explored. We propose that this 2I-DAPU binder with Diels-Alder bonds could generate plentiful active surface groups resulting from damage and drive self-healing at fitting temperature and increase the slightly packed hard phase via incorporating a small amount of hydrogen bonds. This work may offer a novel strategy for improving mechanical property and healing ability in the field of self-healing material which could help expand its applications with enhanced versatility in mechanical-enhanced functional materials.

Keywords

• Polymer bonded explosives
• Self-healing polymers
• Diels-alder (DA) bonds
• H-bond