Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Jul 2022)
A renewed rise in global HCFC-141b emissions between 2017–2021
- L. M. Western,
- L. M. Western,
- A. L. Redington,
- A. J. Manning,
- C. M. Trudinger,
- L. Hu,
- L. Hu,
- S. Henne,
- X. Fang,
- L. J. M. Kuijpers,
- C. Theodoridi,
- D. S. Godwin,
- J. Arduini,
- B. Dunse,
- A. Engel,
- P. J. Fraser,
- C. M. Harth,
- P. B. Krummel,
- M. Maione,
- J. Mühle,
- S. O'Doherty,
- H. Park,
- S. Park,
- S. Reimann,
- P. K. Salameh,
- D. Say,
- R. Schmidt,
- T. Schuck,
- C. Siso,
- C. Siso,
- K. M. Stanley,
- I. Vimont,
- I. Vimont,
- M. K. Vollmer,
- D. Young,
- R. G. Prinn,
- R. F. Weiss,
- S. A. Montzka,
- M. Rigby
Affiliations
- L. M. Western
- Global Monitoring Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA
- L. M. Western
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- A. L. Redington
- Hadley Centre, Met Office, Exeter, UK
- A. J. Manning
- Hadley Centre, Met Office, Exeter, UK
- C. M. Trudinger
- Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia
- L. Hu
- Global Monitoring Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA
- L. Hu
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- S. Henne
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- X. Fang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- L. J. M. Kuijpers
- A/gent b.v. Consultancy, Venlo, Netherlands
- C. Theodoridi
- Natural Resources Defense Council, Washington, DC, USA
- D. S. Godwin
- Stratospheric Protection Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA
- J. Arduini
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
- B. Dunse
- Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia
- A. Engel
- Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- P. J. Fraser
- Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia
- C. M. Harth
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- P. B. Krummel
- Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia
- M. Maione
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
- J. Mühle
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- S. O'Doherty
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- H. Park
- Department of Oceanography, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- S. Park
- Department of Oceanography, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- S. Reimann
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- P. K. Salameh
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- D. Say
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- R. Schmidt
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- T. Schuck
- Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- C. Siso
- Global Monitoring Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA
- C. Siso
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- K. M. Stanley
- Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- I. Vimont
- Global Monitoring Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA
- I. Vimont
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- M. K. Vollmer
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- D. Young
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- R. G. Prinn
- Center for Global Change Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- R. F. Weiss
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- S. A. Montzka
- Global Monitoring Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA
- M. Rigby
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9601-2022
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 22
pp. 9601 – 9616
Abstract
Global emissions of the ozone-depleting gas HCFC-141b (1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, CH3CCl2F) derived from measurements of atmospheric mole fractions increased between 2017 and 2021 despite a fall in reported production and consumption of HCFC-141b for dispersive uses. HCFC-141b is a controlled substance under the Montreal Protocol, and its phase-out is currently underway, after a peak in reported consumption and production in developing (Article 5) countries in 2013. If reported production and consumption are correct, our study suggests that the 2017–2021 rise is due to an increase in emissions from the bank when appliances containing HCFC-141b reach the end of their life, or from production of HCFC-141b not reported for dispersive uses. Regional emissions have been estimated between 2017–2020 for all regions where measurements have sufficient sensitivity to emissions. This includes the regions of northwestern Europe, east Asia, the United States and Australia, where emissions decreased by a total of 2.3 ± 4.6 Gg yr−1, compared to a mean global increase of 3.0 ± 1.2 Gg yr−1 over the same period. Collectively these regions only account for around 30 % of global emissions in 2020. We are not able to pinpoint the source regions or specific activities responsible for the recent global emission rise.
