Molecules (Jan 2018)

Increasing the Strength and Production of Artemisinin and Its Derivatives

  • Syed Lal Badshah,
  • Asad Ullah,
  • Nasir Ahmad,
  • Zainab M. Almarhoon,
  • Yahia Mabkhot

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23010100
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 23, no. 1
p. 100

Abstract

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Artemisinin is a natural sesquiterpene lactone obtained from the Artemisia annua herb. It is widely used for the treatment of malaria. In this article, we have reviewed the role of artemisinin in controlling malaria, spread of resistance to artemisinin and the different methods used for its large scale production. The highest amount of artemisinin gene expression in tobacco leaf chloroplast leads to the production of 0.8 mg/g of the dry weight of the plant. This will revolutionize the treatment and control of malaria in third world countries. Furthermore, the generations of novel derivatives of artemisinin- and trioxane ring structure-inspired compounds are important for the treatment of malaria caused by resistant plasmodial species. Synthetic endoperoxide-like artefenomel and its derivatives are crucial for the control of malaria and such synthetic compounds should be further explored.

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