Photodynamic Therapy Based on Graphene and MXene in Cancer Theranostics

Arianna Gazzi; Arianna Gazzi; Laura Fusco; Laura Fusco; Laura Fusco; Anooshay Khan; Davide Bedognetti; Barbara Zavan; Barbara Zavan; Flavia Vitale; Flavia Vitale; Acelya Yilmazer; Acelya Yilmazer; Lucia Gemma Delogu; Lucia Gemma Delogu

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2019.00295

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology (Oct 2019)

Photodynamic Therapy Based on Graphene and MXene in Cancer Theranostics

Arianna Gazzi,
Arianna Gazzi,
Laura Fusco,
Laura Fusco,
Laura Fusco,
Anooshay Khan,
Davide Bedognetti,
Barbara Zavan,
Barbara Zavan,
Flavia Vitale,
Flavia Vitale,
Acelya Yilmazer,
Acelya Yilmazer,
Lucia Gemma Delogu,
Lucia Gemma Delogu

Affiliations

Arianna Gazzi: Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
Arianna Gazzi: Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
Laura Fusco: Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
Laura Fusco: Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
Laura Fusco: Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
Anooshay Khan: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
Davide Bedognetti: Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
Barbara Zavan: Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
Barbara Zavan: Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Ravenna, Italy
Flavia Vitale: Department of Neurology, Bioengineering, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
Flavia Vitale: Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration, and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
Acelya Yilmazer: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
Acelya Yilmazer: Stem Cell Institute, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
Lucia Gemma Delogu: Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
Lucia Gemma Delogu: 0Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2019.00295
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 7

Abstract

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Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Therefore, the development of new advanced and targeted strategies in cancer research for early diagnosis and treatment has become essential to improve diagnosis outcomes and reduce therapy side effects. Graphene and more recently, MXene, are the main representatives of the family of two-dimensional (2D) materials and are widely studied as multimodal nanoplatforms for cancer diagnostics and treatment, in particular leveraging their potentialities as photodynamic therapeutic agents. Indeed, due to their irreplaceable physicochemical properties, they are virtuous allies for photodynamic therapy (PDT) in combination with bioimaging, photothermal therapy, as well as drug and gene delivery. In this review, the rapidly progressing literature related to the use of these promising 2D materials for cancer theranostics is described in detail, highlighting all their possible future advances in PDT.

Published in Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

ISSN: 2296-4185 (Online)
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Technology: Chemical technology: Biotechnology
Website: http://www.frontiersin.org/bioengineering_and_biotechnology

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