A morphological and histological study of placentae in diabetic gravid mothers

Abstract

Background: Observe the placental changes associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and compare the same with normal pregnancy. Factors controlling these changes have been widely studied in past aiding the fundamental approach of current study. Objectives: The study aims at determining the morphological and morphometric changes in placenta of gravid mothers having Diabetes Mellitus as well as comparing the placental histology between diabetic and non-diabetic pregnant mothers.Methods and Material: 60 placentae were collected (30 cases and 30 controls) from Diabetic and non-diabetic gravid mothers. Various morphological and histological parameters were studied as per study design and pre-set objectives. Statistical analysis was done for central tendency. Results: The weight, volume and thickness of placentae among Diabetic mothers were significantly more than that of normal mothers. Syncytial knots, villous edema, cytotrophoblast proliferation, fibrinoid degeneration, calcification and other histological study parameters showed significant variations between the study and control group. Conclusions: Changes in placentae of gravid diabetic mothers were consistent with previous studies barring afew contradictory results as well. Existence of other comorbidities along with Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy might add up to further changes which can be investigated in future ventures.

Keywords

• syncytial knots
• fibrinoid degeneration
• gestational diabetes