Pomegranate Seed Oil Shows Inhibitory Effect on Invasion of Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Abstract

Introduction: The pomegranate seeds are a good source of compounds such as conjugated linoleic acid and punicic acid that can have anticancer effects. Aim: To assess the potential inhibitory effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil (PSO) on human breast cancer cell lines metastasis. Materials and Methods: This research was an in vitro study on human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468. Pomegranate was collected from Fars Province of Iran and the seed oil was extracted. Cells were treated with different concentrations of the oil and their viability was determined using MTT assay. The morphology, colony formation, invasion, migration, wound healing and cell adhesion of cancer cell lines were evaluated. Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was obtained after 24, 48 and 72hrs. of treatment of cell lines. The statistical analysis of results were done by SPSS 19.0 software using One-way ANOVA followed by Post-hoc Tukey test and the level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The colony formation for MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines were reduced compared to the control. At doses of 800 µg/mL and 1000 µg/mL for MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468, morphological changes have been observed. The MCF-7 cells migration was dropped in a dose equivalent to 1150 µg/mL and for MDA-MB-468 cells at a dose equivalent to 842 µg/ mL. In MDA-MB-468 cells, the cellular invasion was dropped in a dose equivalent to 842 µg/mL. Attachment assay showed that cell binding at a dose equivalent to IC50 for both cell lines dramatically was reduced. Wound healing test results indicated that PSO prevents MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines migration toward the split. Conclusion: The results indicate that PSO may inhibit the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-468 cell line.

Keywords

• Metastasis
• Migration
• Wound healing