The Content and Implementation of Policies and Programs on Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Vietnam: Results and Challenges

Abstract

In Vietnam, great efforts have been made in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information provision, education, communication, as well as service provision for the adolescent and youth (A&Y) over the last 10 years. This paper aimed to examine the content and implementation of SRH policies for A&Y between 2006 and 2017. Case studies were conducted, including interviews and historical documentation. Qualitative data were collected in Hai Duong, Hue, and Dong Thap provinces through 34 in-depth interviews with representatives of central/provincial agencies and 9 focus group discussions with representatives of communal agencies and beneficiaries. SRH policies for A&Y during 2006 to 2017, along with other related national policies, were developed cohesively, however, the gaps in information provision, education, communication as well as service provision remained unresolved. The contents of policies and program implementation did not cover comprehensively, especially regarding disadvantaged groups such as disabled people, migrants, ethnic minorities, and people aged 10 to 14 years. The A&Y SRH policies and program implementation had faced some challenges relating to governance, service delivery, health workforce, health information system, and health financing. The SRH policy for A&Y in the next period needs to be focused on interventions/services for disadvantaged groups. While the human resource is of great importance for the capacity and feasibility to tackle SRH’s challenges, strengthening the advocacy to ensure policies/programs should be prioritized and committed for effective implementation. An appropriate financing system to run information provision, education, communication, and support services for A&Y must be considered during policy development and implementation.