Psychogenetic studies of speech and language abilities: The short review and studying prospects

Abstract

In the article the basic results of psychogenetic researches of speech and language are stated. It is revealed that factors of shared environment, alongside with genetic influences play a considerable role in formation of specific features of speech and language; their role is considerable in early ontogenesis. Later contribution of shared environment in an explanation of individual distinctions in speech and lan-guage development falls and the role of factors of heredity increases. It is observed considerable onto-genesis stability of speech and language abilities that is provided with stability of genetic and shared envi-ronmental influences. A certain moderate role in change a genotype-environmental of parities can play medical and biologic (prematurity) and social (socioeconomic and educational status of parents, degree of orderliness of the house environment) factors. Theoretical and practical consequences of the re-searches are discussed.

Keywords

• psychogenetics
• heredity
• shared environment
• speech
• language
• twin method